Programming and Commercial Effects on Children Essay

Many parents are not aware that commercial programming can have the same effect on child’s cognitive learning as the programming the children are watching. The Merriman-Webster (2012) dictionary defines cognitive as, â€Å"Of relating to, being, or involving conscious intellectual activity (as thinking, reasoning, or remembering). † Research has been done on children’s programming as well as commercial television to show the effects on today’s youth. Even though suggestive adult humor can be found in children’s programming, the impact commercials have toward children is just as important to watch. Television can provide opportunity for children to learn however it should not be a teacher or babysitter for today’s youth. Questions like, â€Å"If a program is scheduled at all hours of the day and into the night, does this make it appropriate for younger children to watch? † should be just one of the many parents should ask when allowing children to watch specific television programming. Intentional or not, programmers use television to influence today’s youth. With today’s ability to view children’s programming on a multitude of different stations and different channels for each station, it is amazing on how much of today’s programming for young children have hidden layers of adult humor. Television writers put subtle instances of adult humor in to children’s programming which allows for them to draw in ratings from a wider range of viewers. Rice (2009) conducted a study on popular children’s cartoon SpongeBob SquarePants in which it states the show is directed toward an age group of approximately 2 to 11 year olds, however research shows that it has a variety of audiences in all age groups. Nearly a quarter (22%) of the viewers ranged from ages 18 to 49. Along with this research, Rice also notes on the schedule of the show to emphasize how it is directed toward a large range of viewers. The show was slotted to air between early morning hours to even later hours, up until close to midnight which by then most of the targeted age group would ave been in bed for a few hours by the time of airing. Rice also recorded subject analysis data for several age groups. In information collected from high school students, the majority of them seem to identify with the shows side kick known as Patrick Star. â€Å"A large majority of respondents say they watch the show because it is â€Å"funny,† â€Å"entertaining,† and â€Å"hilarious† (Rice, 2009, paragraph, 46). On the other hand, when college students were polled they more or less chose to watch because it helped them unwind from a stressful day, possibly like a treat for their bran after a hard day of class work. If a show that is targeted for a much younger age group has a relaxing type of effect, it would be interesting to see how it influences the target age group. When children’s programming is actually aimed towards a large range of viewers how adults choose what their children should watch could have an important impact on how they develop. In recent, years television networks an writers have taken a more proactive approach in educating youth through television programming. Some of this can be seen by the creation of junior channels. Channels like Nick Jr. or Disney Jr. ave created programming geared toward preschoolers and toddlers that use colors and characters to peak their interests. One of the more influential television stations that support child develop has been the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). PBS has had constant influence in child development with shows like Sesame Street and Barney & Friends and now offer new programming like Bob the Builder, Teletubbies and Thomas & Friends. These shows focus on learning in the early stages of a preschoolers development by reaching the alphabet, numbers, dancing, singing and even emotional responses. According to â€Å"The Journal of Media Literacy† (2012), â€Å"To capture and hold viewer attention, each Dora episode features a linear narrative shaped around a high-stakes adventure with serious consequences. It calls upon viewers to interact with the television to help Dora overcome a series of structured challenges. When children hear that they did a good job or a positive response, they tend to want to interact more and thus keeps them interested in the programming. Along with current programming on television, networks have started developing DVD’s to sell to parents when current programming might not peak a child’s interests. Big Companies like Disney, the Brainy Baby Company and Sesame Workshop have started developing age specific programming. When a large company starts to invest in developmental programming, it gives a better sense of satisfaction as the brand is well known. DVD series like Baby Einstein, Brainy Baby and Sesame Beginnings all have their own niche and targeted age range however all promote development and learning. Kikorian, Wartella, and Anderson (2008) state shows like Baby Einstein target viewers from as young as one month old and covers a wide range of topics such as music, art, language and poetry while Sesame Beginnings targets children starting at six months of age. This show features younger versions of the Muppets of Sesame Street and promote interaction between children and their caregivers. Kikoran et al. (2008) also discussed the unique effect of television on children under the age of two and suggests that some research shows that exposure to television during the first few years of life may be associated with poorer cognitive development. This question could be geared toward the overall television experience which includes commercials and the actual programming. With the importance of what is appropriate for children to watch in television, parents seem to be more concerned with actual programming then what is played in between. However, studies have shown that these commercials can be just as influential to our youth. With promotion of movie trailers, current television shows and video games violence is in pure view for children to see and it is less monitored then the actual program. In order to track this data, the authors in an article in the Journal of Advertising had to define how children and their parents viewed violence. For the children defining violence was much more broad as one child responded with, â€Å"Violent is fighting with weapons, with swords, blood, and gore† and another stated, â€Å"Violence is bleeding really bad. Sometimes it’s when somebody falls down and they’re scratched or bleeding really bad† (Brocato et al. 2010). Parents were more unified with defining violence with violence consisting of blood, gore and death. Children seem to think that it is the mother that stresses the importance of them not watching while the fathers feel it is alright as long as they are watching it with them. Both parents shared a common theme in that the commercials are not the issue but the actual programming. Parents also shared that by being present they could address sensitive issues like violence when it happens. Reading through the study it was surprising to see possible limitations that could have address more issues. Parents could have been asked while being present when the issue arose how did the child react to the situation. Another question that might have been asked is how did the child react to the actual discussion about the topic. Was the child more interested in the programming or on what the parents had to say. Ultimately the article had a good basis for what were the more glaring issues and how both the parents and children valued what was played in commercials. Intentional or not, programmers use television to influence today’s youth. This could be from how they act from watching their favorite television program, to desiring a new toy or video game that was currently seen on a commercial. Parents should take the time to watch what their children are watching. One way to see how a child’s favorite program can affect them is to watch the program without the child and then with the child. When watched alone write down instances that might be inappropriate or that draw questions. As the child sits through the program watch how they react to certain situation and then discuss with them on what is positive and what is negative. With correct supervision and discussions, parents have the ability to be a part of the education process with today’s youth.

Psychology Cae Studies Essay

1) Newspaper Advertisement: -self selecting persons who had an interest in seeing the study become successful. If you volunteer to become a part of a study clearly you have an interest and feel a sense of responsibility towards the experiment.  2) Subjects were predominately white and middle class. This implies that the subjects are from similar backgrounds, and so share similar experiences. In such cases we call them a homogeneous group. A homogeneous group because of their similar experiences are not likely to be representative of the wider population. Consequently results are likely to reflective of them, not the general population. In this instance we may only have learn how a prison population with predominately white males from a middle class background is likely to behave. Remember the purpose of much of research is to generalise to the wider population. 3) Thumbs up for the use of questionnaires and an interview, which were used to screen the subjects.  Thumbs down – what constituted healthy? How did they come to this judgement? Normal! What is normal?  4) The experiment was conducted at the prestigious Stanford University. The  Prestige of the University will have impacted upon the subjects. Oh my god we are here at Stanford. If Stanford is doing this then it must be good and worthwhile. They wouldn’t have me doing something that’s not good for me. No matter what I feel I must behave as a dutiful subject. It’s not hard to imagine the subjects thinking in this manner. 5) The direct involvement of the chief researcher as a participant in the  Experiment could also impact upon the subjects. Hey he’s involved, if he isn’t having a problem neither should I. I need to follow his lead. This is a really valuable piece of research.  Key Terms  De-Individuation: -This is a loss of your individual identity. The guards lost their identity to the group collective. We are guards. The (uniform), inclusive of baton, reflecting sunglasses and apparel (what they had on) contributed to this. We are the authority! What we say goes! The prisoners lost their identity when they were given prison garb and prison numbers. To be referred to only by a number robs you of your name. How vital is a name to an individual? Mr, Miss, Mrs, name only. It comes to define you the individual. Without it who are you? De-humanisation: – This means that you have lost your humanity and are not treated with the basic dignity to which human beings are entitled. The prisons were de-humanised. Remember they were stripped and made to stand naked in the court -yard. This is not a dignified way to treat persons. Further evidence of their dehumanisation is the prison guards referring to their rights as privileges. This implied that they were not entitled to rights. Loss of control over what we as humans have come to expect, when we eat, when we sleep, and when use the bathroom. They lost the power to do all these things. Learned helplessness: – They became dependent upon the guards for everything. They lost the desire and the know how to do things for themselves. This was not the situation before since they acquired it in prison, then it is learned helplessness.  Remember power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely.  Role Confusion: – This occurs when the individual cannot separate roles that he has been given-which am I truly? This is linked to role consumption, This occurs when one particular role comes to define an individual take for example an athlete or politician who refuses to retire long after they have passed their prime. Both the guards and the prisoners suffered from this problem. The guards like the prisoners suffered de-individuation. They too lost their identities to the roles they were asked to perform. The awesome power they were given, the uniform-inclusive of whistle, baton and reflecting sunglasses all contributed to them losing their identity. They began to see themselves as guards only and begun acting accordingly. Most naturally this meant that the guards internalised the prison. By Internalisation we mean that they accepted the prison as being real, and conformed to its expectations, routines and guidelines. Did the guards truly internalise the prison? Lets look at the evidence of this-The guards attempted to hide the prisons in the broom cupboard because they felt the experimenters were being too soft- [This is evidence of internalisation because it shows that the guards had removed themselves from the confines/boundaries of the experiment and had now started to think as the collective group-prison guards-[This moment should have marked the end of the experiment as its integrity had been compromised-it was an ethical violation to continue-Zimbardo being a part of the experiment(Prison Warder-head guard) became totally subjective and could not see that anything was wrong-this again was unethical but only because his objectivity was compromised].  Further evidence of this is calling the prisoners rights privileges, and delaying the prisoner roll call to hours. For the prisoners the arresting process, which began when they were arrested and ended when they were finger printed and photographed, contributed to the prisoners internalising the prison. This occurred because of the shock value it signified a break from the prison (subjects) everyday reality they were arrested-they were now prisoners. The initiation process, which is everything, which happened to the prison subjects up until they were assigned to their cells, also contributed to their internalising the prison. This included being given prison uniforms, being stripped and deloused, being made to stand naked in the prison yard, being assigned numbers, learning the prison rules -which they had to recite and being assigned cells. Evidence of the internalisation of the prison by the prisoners is them referring to themselves by number, asking for a lawyer, bail and parole board, and returning to their cells when they could have just left.

Lake Dillon Snake River Swan River Environmental Sciences Essay

The fishing acme county has its ain regulations and ordinances like many lakes amd streams many lakes and watercourses are merely to be fished with enticements and flies and they have to be released after catching.In many Waterss you have to used barbless hooks merely because maulerss can be harmful for some fish so to protect them there are certain regulations and regulations.You can obtain the fishing ordinances at any shops and purchase accredited fishing licenses.So before traveling out to angling you must be knowing about the regulations and ordinances. Property There are besides certain regulations on the Colorado H2O rights. Many of the fishing Waterss are ; located in private areas.Firstly you have to obtain information and take permission and so travel for fishing. C. ALTITUDE: All of Summit Co, and much of the bordering county lands are at ALTITUDE. Base lifts for fishing in Summit Co are between 8,000-10,000 foots above sea degree and some high alpine lakes are above lumber line at 11,500+ pess. When fishing, even in the summer months, you must be prepared for high height and take the appropriate safeguards. SOME TIPS: You have to larn some trips before traveling out to angling. Some basic trips are 1. Sun block: You can utilize Sun blocks to protect your tegument apply lotions on your tegument every 2 hours.you can besides use Sun blocks even on cloudy 2. Hats/Sunglasses: You can have on chapeaus and dark glassess to protect yourself from the sun.you can have on them on cloudy ambiances only.They besides protect your eyes from Sun and besides from uv which is reflected from H2O. 3. Back Battalions: This is the most indispensable step.You must take back battalion which includes the first assistance kits the warm jacket map compass to see way a whistle rain suit a brace of baseball mitts a cellular phone some Waterss and power drinks.Keep wont of imbibing tonss of H2O as the possibility of desiccation additions at these altitudes.on warm and cheery days. , The conditions alterations rapidly in these altitudes.There is besides a possibility of storms to come so you have to be ready for every situation.. An of import regulation to follow when boosting at altitude include: 1. Buddy up. 2. Leave word at your hotel, or a map with waies in your auto, as to where you are traveling and when you expect to be back, and check-out one time you return. USE OUR LOCAL GUIDES, THEY ARE BACK COUNTRY PROS, and its a modest disbursal for merriment and safety. D. WILDLIFE: Please keep the regulations as you have to cognize that you are angling in some others country so ever be good.You may see some wild animate beings in that countries so avoid them and make n't travel near to them and do n't seek to make snaping in these countries. BE SAFE AND RESPECT ALL WILDLIFE! E. HIGH ALTITUDE SICKNESS: The job of high height illness may originate on high height countries like sickness, breath job hapless slumber thirst etc these symptoms occurs due to the activity you making and because of height proble.so maintain a wont of imbibing tonss of H2O usage Sun protection F. THE WEATHER: The conditions in Summit County. , is cool and clear in forenoons, cloudy at mid-day and at late afternoon or eventide there is electrical storm. REMEMBER, when you are angling in high alpine countries the mountain ranges may run between 12,000-14,000 pess in height and you merely can non see these storms nearing, hence you need to be prepared. SOME TIPS: Here are some tips for you before be aftering the trip. 1.Always carry the dorsum battalion which contains rain cogwheel and warm jacket. Do n't bury to look into the conditions before go forthing. If possible take shelter with you. Take a proper usher with you. Blue River. The bluish river is one of the most beautiful rivers of Colorado its location starts from bluish mountain lake to the brekenridge blue mountains.the lake lies between 14000 pes in the territory The â€Å" Blue † is one of Colorado ‘s most beautiful Gold Medal fly Waterss. Its beginning is Blue Mountain Lake on Hoosier Pass, South of Breckenridge. Blue Mtn. lake prevarications between 14,000 pes Quandary Peak and North Star Mountain, in the celebrated Monte Cristo mine territory. This excavation country is the rhodocrhosite capitol of the existence and the place of the â€Å" Alma King † on show and the Natural History Museum in Denver. The best fishing you can make in the blue river is from the Dillon dam north lake downstream to the Colorado in the kremling.The best fishing is from the Lake Dillon dam north, downstream to the Colorado River in Kremling. Entree: Exit I-70 at the Dillon/Silverthorne issue. You will see the Dillon Dam to the E. You are now on Colorado Hwy 9 which travels north to the town of Kremling following the way of the Blue for much of the manner. Much of the river entree is on private spread land, nevertheless the 10 stat mis between Silverthorne and GMR in Heeney have ample public entree and parking are provided in the State Wildlife Areas ( SWAs ) located all along this stretch of the river. Read and obey all ordinances posted on these marks. Regulation: You can merely utilize flies and enticements on the full river. Lone gimmick and release in the town of Silverthorne. Most portion of the river is unfastened . Specials: Major species caught in the Blue include: German Brown trout, Brook trout, Rainbow trout, Colorado Cutthroat trout, and Kokanee salmon from GMR which run the Blue in the autumn to engender. Consult the listed fly stores for the day-to-day hatch forms. 2. THE WILLIAMS FORK Location: While we see a batch of most calm rivers near the acme county the William fork is the most calm and beautiful and besides favorable for fly fishing.The river originates from the North to the south.The north terminal of the canon it forms William fork reserviour which is first-class for fly fishing. Entree: To travel to the William fork river go to the main road figure 9 North from to Silverthorne and about 8 stat mis to the base on balls road.the go east.Do non halt in between and you will see the most dramatic positions of the nature. Regulation: In William fork river merely flies and lures merely. After catching the fishes you have to let go of them. Most portion of the river is unfastened for fishing. Specials: This is chiefly a native Brook and Rainbow trout watercourse but may be stocked. Fish are typically 8-12 inches and male child hellos do they contend. This is a nice, little tail H2O which is no more than a few pess deep with a bouldery underside. There are several beaver pools along the flow and they can acquire deep, so hold a attention. 3. LAKE DILLON: Location: Lake Dillon river is an mixture of bluish and snake rivers and the 10 stat mi brook which is met at the Dillon.By nearing Dillon/Silverthorne on the Colorado main road you will see the Dillon dam.By go throughing through the main road you will see the most calm view.The whole lake country is from north to south 7 stat mis long.There is astonishing air current blowing over the river fisherman and crewmans are attracted by these pecularities. Entree: You can make here by first go outing the Dillon and going E on coloroda main road no 6 to Dillon.You can either travel by boat Exit I-70 at Dillon going east on Colo. 6 to the town of Dillon. Access to the lake by boat at either the Dillon town marina or the marina in Frisco. There is public entree to the lake around its full length. There is NO fishing from the dike. There is float tube entree to the Blue river recess at the Breckenridge H2O intervention works on Swan Mtn. route merely off of Colorado 9 as you travel south on CO 9 to the town of Breckenridge. The lake may be fished either from boat or from the shore. Boat leases and public boat launches are available at both marinas. Private boat docking infinite is available on a impermanent footing. Regulation: While the lake is unfastened twelvemonth unit of ammunition to fishing, except the Blue R. above the lake which is closed 1 Oct to 1 Feb, the lake freezes solid in the winter ( Dec-June ) . Consult Colorado current ordinances for size and bounds. Consult current ordinances in respect to tease usage, flies and unreal enticements ; â€Å" some † come-ons are permitted. Specials: Speciess of fish found in the lake include German Brown trout which may go rather big and are caught chiefly on downriggers, rainbow trout, creek trout, cutthroat trout and kokanee salmon in the 2-5 pound scope. There is good trolling with spoons, exhibitionists and downriggers in the early spring, and good trolling with spoons and Phoxinus phoxinus imitations twelvemonth unit of ammunition near the shores and bead offs. In the eventides twelvemonth unit of ammunition there is good fly fishing at the three river recesss into the lake, either from boat or from shore. DICK ‘S Choice: The NF CG at Giberson Bay is outstanding, but call for a reserve as some folks come and camp all summer long. There is a province CG on the east side of the lake at the old Lowry AFB belongings, and first-class local adjustments in Frisco, Dillon and at the Keystone Resort. Side angling trips may be taken to the Snake river between Keystone Resort and Lake Dillon but there are no fish upstream of Keystone as yet, because of mine run off. There is good fishing on the Ten Mile brook from Frisco to Copper Mtn, but there are no fish upstream from Copper Mtn. , due to mine run off. The oral cavity of the Blue is a favourite local float tubing topographic point ( closed 1 Oct to 1 Feb ) . COLORADO RIVER, UPPER Section: MAP 5: Location: The Colorado upper subdivision is between the granby and kremling is most celebrated for fishing.The river is really wide and deeply shallowed The upper subdivision of the Colorado between Granby and Kremling is one of our most celebrated tail Waterss. The river is wide and shallow with a stone underside and dependable hatches. The beginning of the Colorado is in RMNP where the river flows south into Lake Granby and Grand Lake, so west to Kremling through Byer ‘s canon. Towns along its path include Hot Sulfur Springs, Parshall and Kremling. U.S. 40 analogues the river for this subdivision. The river flows chiefly through private spread land. Due to the graciousness of our ranchers, the river may be accessed via SWAs along its class. Entree: From Denver take I-70 west to U.S. 40, Berthod Pass to Granby, so west to Kremling. From Summit Co. take Colorado 9 North to Kremling, so east on U.S. 40 to Granby. The river may be accessed along its path via SWAs. My favourite SWAs are the Kemp and Breeze SWAs, West of Parshall, and the Lone Buck and Paul Gilbert SWAs, West of Byer ‘s canon. Please pay attending to all posted marks sing entree, do non intrude. Regulation: This subdivision of the Colorado is unfastened most of the twelvemonth but consult Colorado Regulations for the clip of twelvemonth you plan to angle. Artificial flies and lures merely. Catch and release merely. Specials: This may be some of the best Gold Medal trout H2O in the province and one of my favourite countries. It tends to hold few fishermen in the early to late eventide, but can acquire crowded on extremum vacations. If crowded, hit one of the side trips. This is a authoritative western fly watercourse with good hatches of midges, tricos and caddis. DICK ‘S Choice: Elk hair caddis Red quill Trico Yellow Sally Midge There are CGs at Lone Buck SWA, in Hot Sulfur Springs, at Grand Lake and in the Winter Park diversion country of Grand Co. Adjustments may be found in Kremling, Granby, Grand Lake and at RMNP. If it gets crowded side trips may be taken to the North Fork of the Colorado in RMNP ( see next ) , Willow Creek, Troublesome Creek or the Williams Fork. 5. NORTH FORK OF THE COLORADO: MAP 6: Location: The NF of the Colorado is the river ‘s chief tributary fluxing south out of RMNP to organize the Colorado River. I guess that everyone has a favourite watercourse or two in their lives and this is one of mine. The river at this point is about 5 stat mis long and located chiefly within RMNP with public entree along its full length. It meanders through one of the most beautiful vales of tall grass and pine wood, bounded on the E by the Continental divide and on the West by the Never Summer Mountain scope. Entree: The river is unfastened to the populace over its full length within RMNP. Take U.S. 40 to Colorado Hwy 34 to RMNP West Entrance going north. Regulation: Although you are angling wholly within RMNP, Colorado province fishing ordinances apply. But, halt in at the West Entrance HQ and look into with the park Texas Rangers refering federal fishing ordinances, size and bound limitations. Park in public entree countries merely. Artificial flies and lures merely. Catch and release merely. Specials: This is a authoritative high mountain brook with rocky/sandy underside, tail Waterss, beaver pools and deep pools and undercut Bankss. Once you fish it you will woolgather about it the remainder of your life. In the autumn you can stand at that place angling and hear the moose bugling in the wood. Speciess of fish include Brook trout and Rainbow trout which battle like the devils and in the fall German Browns run upriver out of Grand Lake to engender. Fish are typically 8-12 inches but the Gr. Browns can run to 4-5 pound. There is bivouacing throughout RMNP but call for reserves. Adjustments may be found in Granby and Grand Lake and in the Winter Park diversion country. Peak vacations may be crowded near the route but if you walk off from the route you may be the lone individual fishing. Remember that this is a natural wildlife country and be cognizant of the presence of moose, cervid and elk. In the autumn this vale is an elk migration path and you may non angle or intrude on the western side of the river. 6. THE EAGLE RIVER: MAP 7: Location: The bird of Jove river is one of the most calm and beautiful river fluxing through the mountain countries. The beginning of the river is on the Tennessee and the Fremont. The river is fluxing from north so turns west to fall in the Colorado river which is in dotsero. Entree: First travel toI-70 West to the vail so travel 5 stat mis to mintrun so south towards Leadville and the Tennessee base on balls to Colorado main road no 24. I prefer the upper subdivision from Minturn through Camp Hale, place of the tenth Mountain Division as it is less crowded. I find exceeding fishing in the Hornsilver CG country before Homestake brook. Regulation: The Eagle is unfastened twelvemonth unit of ammunition in all public countries with day-to-day bounds of 2 trout. Check current ordinances for size and bounds. At Minturn there is entree to the Gold Medal Waterss on Gore brook which flows through downtown Vail. Catch and release merely. Artificial flies and enticement merely Specials: Float trips on the Minturn to Dotsero subdivision of the Eagle are really popular. You can merely entree the upper Eagle above the Gilman mine site up to Camp Hale or below the mine back to Minturn. Excellent nymphing may be found in the Waterss fluxing from from beaver pools. Speciess found include Rainbow trout, Brook trout, German Brown trout and Cutthroats in the higher feeder brooks. There are great CGs at Hornsilver and Camp Hale and wilderness encampment in the Holy Cross. Four star dining and adjustments may be found in Vail/Beaver Creek. Side angling trips may be made to the Lower subdivision of the Colorado River which runs North from Dotsero up to Kremling, the Gold Medal Waterss of Gore Creek, and to the Arkansas River, Twin Lakes and Turquoise Lakes countries near Leadville. 7. THE UPPER ARKANSAS RIVER: MAP 8: Location: The Arkansas river Limits starts from the on Fremont Pass at the Climax mine North of Leadville and it flows to Colorado main road 91.It is a little topographic point with pools and trouts.The fishing is hard here but it contains tonss of fish. Entree: First exit the I-70 at the Cu mountain on the Colorado main road 91 after go outing past the mine at Fremont base on balls so after this you cross the Arkansas and it leads you to Leadville.after this you are in the san Isabel and can entree the watercourse along the class. Regulation: There are certain ordinances for angling in these country First it is unfastened for angling the twelvemonth unit of ammunition and in winter it is covered with 20-30 pess of snow.The river is unfastened for angling in June. The policy of gimmick and release fish. Merely flies and enticements are used. Specials: This portion of river includes the species of fishes such as the trout, rainbow trout, cutthroat trout in some 10 inch scope So it is a delicious topographic point to bask with childs and household. To make fishing in Colorado the people between ages of 16 to 64 are required to hold a valid licence of angling so as to take portion in the sporting season.People below 16 are non allowed to given licence to take portion in the fish sporting.But people above 64 can take portion by publishing a life-time fishing licence to widen their fishing report.There are different types of licences in Colorado for their occupants and non occupants There are two types of fishing licences for the occupants of Colorado people.They can take one from them.The two types are resident Colorado one-year fishing licence and the other one is resident Colorado 1 twenty-four hours angling license.So people between the ages og 16 to 64 can take any one of the above and the people who purchase one program are given Colorado wildlife home ground cast which allows them to travel to any lands or wildlife countries. For the people above 64 Colorado gives particular offers such as a low income fishing licence.also Colorado offers different strategies for retired or active members of us army or people from infirmaries occupants from mental wellness institute Colorado besides offers a low-income fishing licence for anglers who are over the age of 64 and a handicapped fishing licence. Certain Colorado occupants besides qualify for free fishing licences. These are members of the U.S. Armed Forces who are either active or retired, resident patients of a Colorado U.S. Armed Forces Hospital or Convalescent Facility or a VA Hospital, occupants of a Colorado State Mental Health Institute or Mental Institution, any Colorado angler who receives Social Security Disability Benefits that can turn out their disablement with proper certification and any handicapped Colorado veterans with cogent evidence of a disablement with a missive from the VA. Colorado besides offeres license to people who are non occupants of Colorado.they offers different strategies for them such as they can choose non resident 1 twenty-four hours licence or a 5 twenty-four hours fishing licence and besides non resident one-year fishinf licence, Non-residents of Colorado have a determination to do every bit good. They can take from a Colorado Non-resident 1-Day Fishing License, a Colorado Non-resident 5-Day Fishing License and a Colorado Non-resident Annual Fishing License. These non-resident anglers can besides buy a Second Rod Stamp and must buy a Colorado Wildlife Habitat Stamp. Peoples nboth occupants and non occupants can bask angling lawfully by buying a valid fishing licence by taking oppurtunities and should transport their fishing license.the licence issued will valid from 1st January to dec 31st of each twelvemonth and can be brought online besides from the site wildlife.state.co.us or can besides be obtained from telephone 800-244-5613 with the recognition card or offices located at Colorado wildlife province. Paying the monetary value for the appropriate fishing licence is ever better than paying a all right if the angler gets caught.FISHING IN COLORADO There are many types of fishing you can make in Colorado They include freshwater fishing seawater angling fly fishing Fresh water Fishing The term Freshwater fishing means angling in Waterss that contains fresh H2O, with lower limit or no salt content. Freshwater fishing is one of the most various fishing in which there are assorted species of fishes and different ways to angle. Records says that About 40 per centum of all fish are of freshwater species. The most common types of fresh water species are Common fresh water species are bass, trout, salmon, , musky, crappie, catfish, and so many others. Freshwater fishing can be done in different ways such as from rivers and watercourses from span etcthe different types of techniques are to utilize gear enticements and come-ons and it depends on the type of fish you are looking for I Where to angle Pond and lake fishing. Stream and river fishing. What ‘s the difference? Water is H2O, and fish are fish, right? Yes. But from at that place, it gets a spot more involved. Each type of fresh water fishing presents its ain set of challenges, whether it ‘s still H2O ( lakes and pools ) or traveling H2O ( rivers and watercourses ) . Each environment has its ain ecosystem and construction. These fishing maulerss are going more popular with catch-and-release anglers. They are designed to ensue in less harm by hooking the fish in the lip or the corner of the jaw. This makes it easier to unhook and let go of the fish. With a circle hook, it ‘s of import to allow the fish take the come-on and turn away before puting the hook. Choose the right size hook to let room for the come-on and the fish lip. And do certain the hook is exposed and non buried in the come-on. Typical Fly Fishing Hook Shapes and Names Typical fly angling hook forms include Sproat, Sneck, Limerick, Kendal, Viking, Captain Hamilton, Barleet, Swimming Nymph, Bend Back Model Perfect, Keel and Kink-shank. There are two basic types of fly maulerss. Dry and moisture. Fly maulerss are besides named for insects they simulate ( nymph, swimming nymph, scub, pupa, dayfly ) or by traditional forms ( Sproat, Sneck, Limerick, Kendal, Viking, Captain Hamilton, Barleet, Bend Back, Model Perfect, Keel, Kink-shank. ) . Travel to the Fly Fishing subdivision for more information on fly fishing cogwheel. Ice Fishing Ice Fishing Ice fishing is a another alone manner of catching fishes the 3 pes rods are used for fishing and simple reels are used for line.Tou can frost fish besides with the aid of a tip up.using the tip cogwheel when the fish hits your tip cogwheel And thanks to promotions in garment design, portable fish houses and fish placement devices, it ‘s going more and more popular. One- You can besides frost fish with a tip-up. When a fish hits your tip-up cogwheel, it releases a lever that raises a flag or peal a bell. This means you should halt playing cards with your brothers and get down reeling. Ice Fishing Basicss: Puting Up Traditional Ice Fishing Tip Up Courtesy of ExpertVillage.com Many fisherman fish with no protective construction other than winter vesture. Longer angling expeditions can be mounted with simple constructions. Larger, heated constructions can do multiday angling trips possible, but these are frequently eschewed by seasoned fishers, many of whom do non utilize these larger shelters. In other words, they think they are wimpish. For those who are game for a cozier experience, a construction with assorted local names, but frequently called an ice hovel, ice hovel ( or merely â€Å" hovel † ) , fish house, British shilling house, or ice hut, is sometimes used. These are dragged or trailered onto the lake utilizing a vehicle such as a snowmobile, ATV or truck. The two most normally used houses are portable and lasting shelters. The portable houses are normally made of a heavy, watertight stuff. The lasting shelters are made of wood or metal and normally have wheels for easy transit. They can be every bit basic as a bunk, warmer and holes or every bit luxuriant as holding satellite Television, bathrooms, ranges, and life-size beds, and may look to be more like a nomadic place than a fishing house. To get down wing fishing you need a fly rod, a line and some unreal flies. The thought is to catch fish by acquiring them to seize with teeth on an imitation of a bug or baitfish on, or merely below, the H2O. Fliess are made utilizing yarn, wire, beads, plumes, narration and hair, and are created to look like insects and baitfish at assorted phases of adulthood to pull trout, salmon, panfish and carp, every bit good as marine species such as Tarpon atlanticus, bonefish and stripy bass. Most people think of fly fishing as a athletics best enjoyed in mountain watercourses with gimmicks of trout and salmon. Though these types of Waterss are great topographic points to wing fish, you can besides bask astonishing fly fishing in the warm Waterss of pools and lakes, and in salt H2O – and catch a wide array of fish. There ‘s likely a organic structure of H2O you can utilize for fly fishing non excessively far from where you live. Dry flies: float on the H2O ‘s surface and copy a broad scope of nutrients, including grownup dayflies, caddisflies, midges, grasshoppers, crickets and emmets. Sing a trout, bass or panfish take a dry fly drifting on the H2O ‘s surface is one of the greatest sights in fly fishing. Nymphs ( sometimes called â€Å" wet flies † ) : stand for the immature life phases of insects such as dayflies and caddisflies, and are fished below the H2O ‘s surface. Some particular nymphs, called emergers, imitate the emerging grownup insect and are fished merely below or in the H2O ‘s surface movie. Streamers: represent Phoxinus phoxinuss, bloodsuckers and other swimming nutrient points that provide repasts for bass, trout, panfish and saltwater fish such as Tarpon atlanticus, redfish, bonefish and stripy bass. Streamers are known for their ability to take the largest fish in watercourses, pools, lakes and seawater. Certain aquatic insects make up the major part of a fish diet. The four chief insect orders that emerge from our watercourses and lakes ( in order of importance ) are dayflies ( Ephemeroptera ) , caddisflies ( Trichoptera ) , midges ( Diptera ) and stone flies ( Plecoptera ) . To be an effectual hatch-matcher you must be able to rapidly distinguish between grownup dayflies, caddisflies, midges, stone flies and all the immature phases of each. Many hatches and most spinster falls do non last really long, so you do n't hold clip to seek four or five forms. Alternatively, you ‘ll necessitate to take the right fly at the right clip ; merely so will you be able to hook your portion of fish. It ‘s easier than you think. Just retrieve to fit the hatch. Conservation Saltwater fishing is every bit much about the escapade as it is about the fish. Many of the athletics fish species can be large and average, and the H2O can be large and bad. From shallow seawater flats to deep-ocean fishing, seawater anglers chase everything from delicacy speckled trout to massive bluish marlin in some of the most intense and inspirational milieus on Earth. Saltwater fishing can be every bit simple or every bit complex as you wish. Novices can get down fishing from the beach with basic tackle and a smattering of seawater rigs, while overachievers can pass eternal clip and energy on hi-tech cogwheel and high-octane fishing boats. Whether you live along the 10,000 stat mis of U.S. coastline or are sing the ocean for the weekend, there are plentifulness of chances to wet a line. And plentifulness of fish in the sea.

Homeland Security #5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Homeland Security #5 - Essay Example Lastly, we will have in place a team, specially picked to tackle cyber security issues. Such a team will collaborate with other teams so as to ensure that there is proper information sharing among various levels. A team of fire personnel will have the responsibility of accessing and reporting buildings and areas containing hazardous materials. Besides, they will undertake the detection of weapons of mass destruction, observing and detecting symptoms of exposure. They will also do evaluation of physical integrity of buildings (Gartenstein-Ross & Kyle). The team of police officers will be responsible for development of community policing philosophy and training of officers to support these efforts, analysis of terror issues, and development of partnerships with other external bodies to enhance security and the collaboration with the department of homeland security (Docobo). The mayors will be the ones to take command of any incident reported via 911, coordinate the warning or evacuation of affected areas, assessment of the situation and putting out any request for help to the state and federal agencies (Federal Emergency Management Agency 23). They will also ensure that local agencies are harnessed to coordinate the rescue efforts. Health workers will have the responsibility of monitoring various aspects of health of a given area, diagnosing and investigating any health or environmental health issues and educating and empowering people on specific health issues. They will also ensure that the state and local partnerships are mobilized to identify and solve issues before, during and after the event. The monitoring phase will be preceded by emergency planning. This will help in ensuring that each team is aware of their responsibility in the event of an emergency. The teams should also be prepared to perform their functions and this will necessitate a range of training activities (Gartenstein-Ross & Kyle) so as to give them the required

Developing rigorous hypotheses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Developing rigorous hypotheses - Essay Example In effect, should deductive approach have been used exclusively in this study, the researcher would have had to focus the experiment on testing and examining the theory so that a firm theory or conclusion would be derived from the effect of the proposed scheme as a labelling scheme (Hardy & Bryman, 2004; Creswell, 2007). Meanwhile, it was not possible to use deductive approach alone, a reason for which no rigorous hypothesis was developed based on the experiment. As it has been explained earlier, the reason for refusing to use deductive approach alone, which would have called for the need to have a rigorous hypothesis was that there is no common test-bed based on which the performance, scalability and efficiency of labelling schemes can be assessed. Meanwhile, Sapsford & Jupp (2006) indicated that for a rigorous hypothesis to be set, based on which a deductive research will be carried out, it is important that there will be an easily substantiated framework or platform based on which the hypothesis can be tested. In the absence of such a framework or platform, the hypothesis set fails to be considered a rigorous hypothesis but only a guiding hypothesis that specifies to the researcher what needs to be achieved with the study. Also writing on research approaches, Riley et al. (2000) suggested that in such a scientific research as this where cannot be a rigorous hypothesis due to lack of a test-bed based on which the hypothesis will be justified, it is important that a combined approach that involves an inductive approach is used. It was based on this that the experimental framework used a combined approach comprising deductive approach and inductive approach. Yin (2009) explained an inductive research approach to be one which provides the researcher with greater flexibility and opportunity to modify the research emphasis depending on the accumulated findings throughout the research process. As a result of this, instead of exclusively basing on the

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 54

Summary - Essay Example The time he was away, he could not help the people, and this made him feel powerless. He wondered around like a person without vision, and when his vision came, it just appeared like a mere dream. His powers were gone and he thought they would not come back. After retuning back, people told him to heal a sick man, and he was afraid that his powers would not work. Fortunately, his powers did not disappoint him because he continued healing sick people (Neihardt 18). Children died of measles, and this became worse because most of them were suffering from hunger. The people become hopeless and desperate and they felt they had no solution to their problem. At the time, he came back there was some rumor spreading around the people. The news was being talked by every body, and this is the first time he heard of it. The rumor was received by the ogalalas first and then it was passed to the people by the Shoshones. When he initially heard of the news, he never believed it because he felt it was mere rumor from people. There was mixed reaction between the people, as some believed the news while some did not (Neihardt18). The news was about a sacred man who lived in the west at the top of the mountains, people believed the man had a way to help the Indians by sending away the wasichus. He was said to have a way of bringing back the dead and explain how a new earth was to be formed. The people sent three men to talk to the sacred man and clarify whether the matter was true. People held a crucial meeting to hear what the three men had to say. He never participated in the meeting because he did not believe the news. He believed that desperation made people believe the news just as a hungry man hopes for plenty of food to shower on him. The three men said that they were told that another world was to come from the west like a passing cloud (Neihardt 19). This world was to clear everything that was old and dying.

The Governance of Globalisation; Is it time for an alternative Essay

The Governance of Globalisation; Is it time for an alternative approach - Essay Example The dominant system for world governance in the first wave of globalisation was the colonial domination of the world by European powers. In the second wave of globalisation, various international agencies were established to loosely oversee the liberalised world economic order. The important international agencies which were established to oversee the global system were the International Monetary Fund or the IMF and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade or GATT. The GATT was later transformed into the World Trade Organisation or the WTO, which is made up of 28 intergovernmental agreements by which member states agree to limit their sovereign right to intervene in international trade. It was hoped that with such agencies, it will be possible to facilitate international trade and manage the international economic system. The WTO today has 144 member states and an additional 30 which are awaiting accession. The benefits that have been provided by the WTO agreements include the libe ralisation of international trade, the rule of law, a procedure for the settlement of disputes, cutting of tariffs by the industrialised world and the elimination of the most favoured nation status amongst others. These measures have considerably enhanced the volume of international trade with nearly 25% of the global output being traded. Despite the criticism levied against it, the WTO has been successful in the past 50 years to provide a mechanism to avoid protectionism and trade retaliation, with its Council having authorised retaliation through tariff increases in very few cases. Government trade policies are more stable and predictable and the international trade which is vital for global stability keeps flowing (Von Braunmohel, 2005, Chapters 1 – 2), (Strange, 2003, Complete), (Kimon, 2000, Complete), (Institute for International Economics,

The Current State of the Caribbean Is Better Explained Through Essay

The Current State of the Caribbean Is Better Explained Through Reference to Contemporary Rather Then Past Global Relations - Essay Example This report stresses that the very conspicuous feminist changes within the Caribbean would be noted in the visibility of Caribbean women in different occupational positions which were once reserved only for European people and the challenges to a transforming relationship between gender and global capitalism are also highlighted This paper makes a conclusion that globalization and its impact on the Caribbean thus seem to depend on several factors such as improved education that can highlight the particularities and specialties of the Caribbean region and bring out the features that would attract the world. Tourism would be a major reason for which businesses and industries would be willing to invest in the Caribbean and the region remains as an attractive tourist destination, making it a full blown participant in the global economy and the process of globalization. The importance of equal gender relations and the significance of comparative education have been discussed considering that women’s position in society and especially within the Caribbean society in this context could be very important in bringing out the changes in global relations. Caribbean society is changing with the changes of global economy and women’s relations may actually define how the Caribbean society projects itself to the world. The importance of education also should not be undermined as only a modern form of education within the Caribbean would help it to relate to a globalized changing and interlinked society.

HEALTH Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

HEALTH - Essay Example By avoiding excessive exposure to UV radiation, such as unnecessary time beneath a tanning lamp or under the sun, many individuals can decrease their risk of developing this deadly form of cancer. Melanoma is a common form of cancer primarily due to the fact that many individuals do not realize that they are being exposed to too much ultraviolet radiation. Those who are at risk for developing melanoma believe that they are not getting too much sun, or that they are wearing the appropriate amount of clothing of sunblock to protect themselves. Essentially, it is a lack of information about melanoma that causes individuals to become reckless and exposed to the causes of this form of cancer. Furthermore, since melanoma often makes itself known through the discoloration of skin or the presence of moles, signs that people tend to ignore or else assume are typical to sun exposure, the warning signs go ignored until it is too late and the cancer has spread. In the United States alone, 76,250 individuals have been or will be diagnosed with melanoma during 2012; 44,250 will be men and 32,000 women (ACS, 2012). Of these numbers, it is estimated that over nine thousand are expected to die from their disease (ACS, 2012). These rates continue to rise each year, having been on a steady incline for the past thirty years. The state that has the highest rate of skin cancer is Oregon, though it is followed rather closely by Washington, Idaho, Utah, New Hampshire, and Vermont, with each state having an average of 2.3 million cases of skin cancer each year (CDC, 2012). As previously mentioned, there is no definite cause of melanoma, though numerous risk factors have been determined. Individuals with fairer skin, and therefore less pigment to protect them from ultraviolet damage, are more likely to develop melanoma than someone with a darker complexion. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet light or a history of severe sunburn increases an

Project Management Recommendation Essay Example for Free

Project Management Recommendation Essay Dear Mr. Gritsch: In continuation of your email dated February 10, 2014, I have completed analysis of three projects: Juniper, Palomino and Stargazer. The risk levels in Juniper, Palomino, and Stargazer are low, medium, and high respectively. It is in the best interest of Piper Industries Corporation to move forward with the Stargazer project. Stargazer is selected due to its feasibility and risk level. From market feasibility study, some strategic customers have already indicated interest in the product. Therefore, I would recommend that the board invest in the project, Stargazer; particularly because the company has already invested $450,000 and the ROI is very high. My feasibility study focused on Return on Investment (ROI), length of project, risk level and overall benefit to Piper Industries. See below for the results. Juniper: Return on Investment (ROI): 77% or $250,000 for a period of 2 to 3 years Length of project: Uncertain Risk of completion on time: Low Overall benefit: Enhancement of current product, increased product demand Palomino: Return on Investment (ROI): 69% or $450,000 for a period of 5 years Length of project: 7 Years Risk of completion on time: Medium Overall benefit: New product, use of existing technology, custom part, constant demand Stargazer: Return on Investment (ROI): 278% or $1,600,000 for a period of 3 years Length of project: 7 Years Risk of completion on time: High Overall benefit: Research Development of a new product, market leader, project in-progress Five Phases of a Project: A project can have any number of phases depending on how you break it down. A project for land reclamation in dump site would probably have three phases such as: 1. Facility Decommissioning Phase 2. Waste removal phase 3. Landscaping Phase. While a project involving the building of a new factory may contain four phases such as: 1. Environmental Impact Assessment Phase 2. Design Phase 3. Construction Phase 4. Commissioning Phase. It is therefore assumed that what is been referred to here as five phases of a project is what is known in project management as process groups. The following phases / process groups will be used to complete the project: 1. Project conception and initiation The conception of the project is that the project is a new line widget product including enhancements through the use of existing technology. The initiation of this project will be upon the approval of the project by the CEO. 2. Project definition and planning Stage two of the project is making a project plan. The project plan will be completed by the project team with the consultation of the technicians and experts. The project plan will be in writing and will be well defined. 3. Project launch or execution The project plans and task will be discussed amongst all team members and the task will be divided among the project team. 4. Project performance and control The project manager will be the leader of the project. His or her task will be to monitor performance and control. All project team members are responsible in evaluating each other and helping the team to perform better together. 5. Project close The project will be closed only upon completion of the project, evaluation of the project, and client approval of the project. Key deliverables associated with the selected project: If after the Estimated Budget at Completion of $575,000 is spent and the  product is developed as specified in the project plan, then the project would have met the substantial product deliverable. Secondly, if the Piper Industries Corporation is able to deliver the product within 12 months, the company would have met the project schedule deliverable.

Racism And US Imperialism History Essay

Racism And US Imperialism History Essay American writer and missionary Pearl S. Buck once wrote, Race prejudice is not only a shadow over the colored, it is a shadow over all of us, and the shadow is darkest over those who feel it least and allow its evil effects to go on.  [1]  For generations, historians have concluded that the last decade of the nineteenth century bred white-supremacist racial ideologies such as Anglo-Saxonism and the concept of the white mans burden and in turn drove the American empire into the non-white world. In  Race Over Empire, Eric T. L. Love contests this outlook and offers instead that racism had almost the contradictory effect. From Grants attempt to annex the Dominican Republic in 1870, to the annexations of Hawaii and the Philippines in 1898, Love illustrates that the imperialists association with the racist ideologies of the era were antagonistic, not harmonious. In an era marked by the Jim Crow laws, policies of Chinese exclusion and immigration restriction, no realistic politician wanted to place non-whites at the center of an already divisive scheme by invoking the concept of the white mans burden.  [2]  Moreover, convictions that defined whiteness created great barriers to imperialistic ambitions, particularly when Anglo-Saxon empire entered into the tropical regions of the Atlantic and Pacific. Alternatively, Love contends that policy aims had to be cloaked in more covert aims than racism. In the first chapter, Love sets up his main line of argument that while racism may have been an inherent part of American society and ideology from 1865 to1900, it would have been a major obstacle to include it as a stated objective in expansionism. The American people had no desire to see more foreigners associated with America, so race could only ever play an implicit motivator in imperialism according to Love. Love spends much of the rest of his work providing examples of how race and racism had to take a backseat to more overt policy objectives. Love illustrates the barriers caused by the invocation of race in three different case studies in Santo Domingo, Hawaii, and the Philippines. The affair in Santo Domingo provides a very interesting example that gives credence to Loves thesis. President Ulysses S. Grant, inheriting many expansionist schemes passed down from Johnson and Seward, rejected nearly all expansionist aims in his foreign policy; except the acquisition of Santo Domingo. Grant, while never mentioning race, wanted to annex Santo Domingo as a racial safety valve, for African American resettlement according to Love.  [3]  While the implicit aim was clearly racial, there were very mixed feelings throughout Congress and the general public in regards to African American relocation; as such these implied aims were never stated directly. Instead, Grant preaches about the necessity to acquire Santo Domingo for commerce and security reasons. The island had plentiful timber and other natural resources and its position in the Caribbean made it a prime asset to ensure the safety of Americans. Ultimately, Congress rejects the call to annex Santo Domingo, and Gr ant takes this as a very personal defeat. In writings from his son we are able to clearly see that Grant wanted desperately to annex Santo Domingo, and this desire was most likely guided by the implicit racial motivation. Grant actually stated his drive for annexation was for the advancement of a white America.  [4]  Grant never made peace with this defeat. Words spoken by Grant reveal the churning disappointment and bitterness he felt. His bitterness was actually carried on by his son Jesse Grant who stated: I think of San Domingo and of fathers persistent efforts to bring about annexation every time I ride upon the Elevated or in the Subway, and see white women stand while negroes occupy the seats.  [5]   The Santo Domingo episode is only one example of Loves thesis in action; however, I believe the clearest evidence to Loves credit comes in his analysis of Hawaiian annexation.   Love argues that the United States did not want to annex Hawaii, and actually did so under a policy of last resort.  [6]  After the rule of Liluokalani was subverted and the queen was overthrown in 1893, the United States chose not to annex Hawaii due to the events that precipitated the overthrow by Americans on the island. It was not until the island was plagued by disease and suffering under a government that could not protect or provide for its people that we annexed Hawaii. The reason, Love argues, that we did not annex the island immediately is because of its large indigenous population. Race in this case was a road block to annexation; a testament to Loves thesis. When the imperialists renewed their goal to take Hawaii they abandoned the rhetoric of social uplift and the Christian mission.  [7]à ‚  Annexation in 1898 was accomplished by changing the explicit motives for annexation. It was portrayed to the American people that Hawaii was an island of white American majority that was under threat of an insidious Asian invasion that could only be checked by American presence and annexation in Hawaii. Race and racism was an inhibitor to empire in this case, just as Love speculates in his thesis. Loves Race Over Empire is an interesting text that can be abundantly linked to the historians and texts we have discussed in class. From the views of Michael Hunt to Walter Lafeber, it seems that Love contests the normal view of the role of race in relation to American Empire by asserting that race was not the driving factor behind American imperialism in the late nineteenth century. Love challenges the views of these historians and provides a compelling case that while race may have been an implicit motive, the use of race as an explicit motivator would have caused many of the U.S. imperialistic ventures to fail. We have read that historian Michael Hunt believes that a driving force behind U.S. foreign relations is racism.  [8]  From our interactions with Haiti to American expansion into the Philippines, Hunt reads these events as a continuation on the timeline of Anglo-Saxon racial hegemony. Love counters that while many Americans were in fact racists during the late nineteenth century, the fact that they are racist is the reason that racial imperialism could not occur in this country. Love essentially states that the American people would not have supported any expansion that was sold to them under the context of race because the last thing southerners wanted were more people of color for the government to look after. The harbingers of expansionism had to sell the American people the bill of goods differently because to blatantly tell them we were expanding into the islands of the Pacific to acquire more foreigners to be under our control would not have been a compelling reason for the average American (and as Love argues not compelling for the average politician either). In addition, Walter Lafeber in his work The American Age argues that the United States entered and annexed Hawaii under the presumption of providing trade and economic reciprocity to the natives of Hawaii.  [9]  This mutual trade agreement quickly became one-sided as the United States began to import cheap sugar from Cuba which stranded the Hawaiian market that had become so dependent on U.S. imports. Love argues that this economic goal was only a pretext to enter Hawaii. The way the annexation of Hawaii was sold to the American people was that the island was predominantly settled by white Americans, and these white Americans were under threat by Asian intruders. Unless we liberated the island of Hawaii we would see the Asian threat spill over into Americas borders. Also, it was argued that Hawaii could serve as a valuable pacific naval base to further pacific expansion of American empire. Race was completely abandoned as an explicit motivator due to the fact that annexation of H awaii was blocked for years due to the large indigenous population on the island. Those who backed the annexation of Hawaii failed at their attempts until they quite literally took up William Appleman Williamss thesis and put it into action; we tried to make the Hawaiians like us.  [10]  In order to attain our policy objective the government essentially lied to our citizens and told them that the natives that comprised the island were white Americans like the rest of us. It was this blatant lie, not the supposed aid and spread of Christianity that finally compelled our people to deem annexation appropriate; this is in turn what J. Garry Clifford was trying to state in his essay Bureaucratic Politics and Policy Outcomes.  [11]  Clifford argues that policy isnt made just on the whim of one person in our bureaucratic system, it in fact takes many people to enforce policy and to that end in order to pass policies often compromise must occur, and as Love talks about Hawaii a compromise becomes quite apparent. The fact that the usual Christian mission had to be abandoned in the case of Hawaii is a large compromise from those who originally were pushing the annexation, but nonetheless through compromise the desired outcome was achieved (annexation). Standing in contrast to Loves premise is historian Walter L. Williams. Williams in his essay United States Indian Policy and the Debate over Philippine Annexation: Implications for the Origins of American Imperialism outlines an argument that seems to directly counter Loves theory of race as a blockade to annexation.  [12]  Williams states that the United States has a long history of invading land controlled by foreigners and dealing with the indigenous population by denying them citizenship. Alternatively, Williams states they become wards of the United States and as such are situated at a level below citizens. To illustrate his analysis he shows how the Native Americans and indigenous people of the Philippines are essentially cast aside once America annexes the natives land. Williams offers a strong response to Loves thesis and both Williams and Loves arguments are well-built through careful historical analysis of the American experience. Furthermore, historian Samuel Flagg Bemis in his work American Foreign Policy and the Blessings of Liberty argues that the American experience is embedded in a long history of spreading the blessings of liberty to those people and nations who do not enjoy what we consider basic liberties.  [13]  Love would tend to agree that spreading the blessings of liberty is a large explicit rationale of American imperialism from 1865-1900. However, Love would not go as far as to actually postulate that spreading the blessings of liberty was a primary motivator for empire. From Loves prospective it is very simple to see that spreading liberty was a convenient means of masking policies that had at heart more menacing objectives. In conclusion, Race Over Empire benefits from the strong evidence that Love presents to support his argument. Looking over the events in Santo Domingo, Hawaii, and the Philippines it is hard to disagree with Loves analysis; that a purely race motivated approach to imperialism in these areas would have failed miserably for American expansionists. The main strengths of this work are that it is rooted in sound logic and the author uses pertinent evidence that helps to give real-world illustration to support his thesis. There are a few problems with this book however. Too often it feels that Love is trying to completely dispel race as a motivator in American foreign policy. I believe this makes his argument unbelievable at times. The period from 1865-1900, is marked in clearly racist policies and mindsets in the United States, and to argue that imperialist policies didnt have at least some racism in the back of its mind would be a very naÃÆ' ¯ve point to argue. Furthermore, in his dis cussion of Hawaii Love fails to mention the desire of American policymakers to extend U.S. influence into Asia. Hawaii was annexed because of its position in the Pacific that allowed it to be a staging center to both control Asian migration into America, and to expand American influence into the far-east. I feel that by working so hard to show the insidious motivation behind the humanitarian angle (which he does very well), he neglects a major reason for Hawaiian annexation. The significance of Loves work, Race Over Empire, is rather monumental. First, Loves work challenges the contemporary view of race and racism and its correlation to American imperialism. Whenever a credible argument can be brought against the generally accepted view of history the historical community is benefitted by having its beliefs challenged. Second, the insight that Love provides on the ulterior motives of policy is a point that resonates with American foreign policy still today. So often we take policy at its face value, and we do not look for the implicit motivations behind the policy we put into effect. If anything, Love encourages examining policy in its original context and exploring the concealed motives behind it. Finally, Loves work is significant because it illustrates a theme that is quite often forgotten in history (especially in American classrooms today), there are always different interpretations of history and we are often taught to think about history in one wa y. Love challenges the accepted view and provides compelling evidence as to why the views of generations of historians need to be challenged. In closing is race prejudice a continual shadow upon the United States as Pearl Buck would suggest? I am compelled by Loves argument that in an openly and belligerently racist south the people and politicians would never accept policy that allows for the mass migration of foreigners into our country, and it is for that reason race was cloaked as an implicit motivator, but rejected as the primary motivation of American imperialism.

Zeus: The man, the myth, the legend

Zeus: The man, the myth, the legend   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the pantheon of Greek and Roman myth many of the gods are depicted in only one, revered gaze. Zeus on the on the other hand is depicted as many things which include; the ruler of the other gods, a brother, a warrior, a tyrant, a just king, a vengeful deity, an adulterer and a rapist. Zeus embodies what many perceived to be perfect masculinity in antiquity. He was the target of deception and revenge, mostly from his angered wife Hera, but he was the target of many vengeful acts none the less. However the one aspect in Zeus canon that is most important in explaining why he was such an important figure in Mythology is that he was depicted as a father, even in myths where he was portrayed in another light such as a warrior or as a son attempting to usurp his fathers position, his patriarchal side always showed in some manner in many of the stories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Zeus name in Greek comes from a root word meaning bright. It is interesting to note that the planet Jupiter, which is the same name as Zeus in Roman is typically the brightest object in the night sky, seems to be an interesting etymological comparison. Zeus took control of the sky when the Olympian gods inherited control over the world while his brothers Hades and Poseidon were given control over the underworld and the Oceans, respectively. Typically Zeus is associated with the lightening bolt, his weapon if choice, as well as the eagle, a majestic symbol of nobility. The Oak tree is also tied to Zeus as it is a sturdy tree that grows for hundreds of years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Zeus was the youngest of the first generation Olympian gods which also included Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, and Poseidon. When he was born Zeus was hidden to grow up on the island of Crete in order to prevent his father, Cronus, from eating him just as he did to his older siblings. Instead of eating Zeus, Cronus was tricked into eating a stone which in turn made him regurgitate all of his devoured children only then to be slain by Zeus who was protecting his siblings. This can be juxtaposed to a father who would protect his children. The Olympian gods ally together and fight all of the Titans from atop mount Olympus, this was known as the Titanomachy. This ten year war was aided not only by the Cyclopes, but the Hecatonchires as well. When the Olympian gods finally won the Titans were then imprisoned in Tartarus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Zeus engaged in lascivious acts with goddesses which gave birth to many children which included; Aegipan, Persephone and Zargreus, Orion and Manes, Ares, Eileithyia, Eris, Hebe, Ersa and Carae, Limos, Apollo and Artimis, Hermes, Athena, The Muses Calliope, Clio, Erato, Euterpe, Melpomene, Polyhymnia, Terpsichore, Thalia, and Urania, Zagreus and Melinoe, Ersa, Nemean Lion and Pandia. There mothers were Aix, Anake, Demeter, Dione, Thalassa, Gaia, Hera, Eos, Eris, Leto, Maia, Metis, Mnemosyne, Persephone and Selene respectively. Themis who was the first wife of Zeus gave birth to Astraea, Nemisis, Horae, Auxo, Carpo, Thallo, Dike, Eirene, Eunomia, Pherusa, Euporie, Orthosie, and The fates Atropos Clotho and Lachesis (Wikipedia Zeus). In addition to having plenty of children with goddesses Zeus also had children with many mortals, these children include; Aeacus, Hercules, Amphion and Zethus, Arcas, Britomartis, Perseus, Tityas, Dardanus and Iasion. Minos, Rhadamanrhys and Sarpedon, Aglea, Euphrosyne and Thalia, Kronios, Spartaios and Kytos, Thebe, Epaphus and Keroessa, Sarpedon, Polydeuces, Castor and Helen of Troy, Lorcrus, Argus and Pelasgus, Alexander III of Macedon (Alexander the Great), Meliteus, Tantulus, Balius and Xanthus, Hellen, Dionysus, Lacedaemon, Palici, Litae, Tyche and Ate. The mortal mothers of these children of Zeus are; Aegina, Alcmene, Antipoe, Callisto, Carme, Danae, Elara, Electra, Europa, Eurynome, Himalia, Iodame, Io, Lamia, Laodamia, Leda, Maera, Niobe, Olympias, Othreis, Pluto, Podarge, Pyrrha, Semele Taygete and Thalia respectively (Wikipedia Zeus). The Gigantomachy was the battle of the Olympian gods against the giants. The Giants, who were born of the blood of Uranus spilling onto the Earth were half human and half serpentine creatures. This myth depicts Zeus in the warrior light because it was Zeus who fought the leader of the Giants Thyphoeus. Typhoeus was beaten by Zeus and thus so were the giants. They were imprisoned in Earth which to Greeks gave reason as to why volcanoes are scattered along the Earths surface. The fact that he fought Typhoeus alone exemplifies what many of the Greeks and Romans thought were how a warrior should behave, that and if he did not do so he would lose the stigma that he was the epitome of masculinity. The myths of Zeus are so widely varied and his behavior within the myths are just as varied that some have postulated that Zeus is the conglomeration of many minor gods who over time were blurred into one supreme being. In addition the many bizarre acts of Zeus can be a way for many people to justify their obscure behavior.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Zeus had relations not only with mortal females, but also mortal males. One of the most notable tales of this is that of Zeus and Ganymede. Ganymede was a slave boy who Zeus became infatuated with, one day Zeus sent eagles down to Earth to retrieve Ganymede and bring him to Olympus there he became a cup-bearer. That way he was always around when Zeus needed him to be. This is an example of how Zeus sometimes abused his power to get whatever he wanted. This tale also reflects how Roman society viewed homosexuality and accepted it the way they did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Ovids Metamorphoses the tale of the great flood is another fine example of Zeus wearing yet another hat. This myth Deals with ruler of Arcadia Lycaon and his tyrannical behavior. Lycaon thought he would serve Zeus one of his children as a sacrifice. As one would expect Zeus found this repulsive and decided to not only punish Lycaon, but the rest of humanity as well. He first transformed Lycaon into a wolf, it suited his personality. This was the typical style of most transformations in Ovids works. Zeus then decided to wipe the Earth clean of the human race and start fresh, thus the great flood much like the story of Noahs Ark. In the Greek version, there were however two survivors Deucalion and his wife Pyrrha. In order to repopulate the Earth they were instructed to throw the bones of their mother over their shoulder to repopulate the Earth, these instructions from the oracle had to be interpreted in order for the oracle to maintain that it was ne ver wrong. They Figured that the bones were actually rocks from mother Earth, this was the correct interpretation and the Earth was populated once more. In regards to Zeus this story once again shows his parental side due to the way he reacted to Lycaons transgression.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The myth of Zeus and his relationship with Callisto is one that shows how he can, when faced with urgency, can react for the betterment of others not just himself. The story goes that after Callisto was found to have a child with Zeus she was turned into a bear, after her son Arcas grew up he was in the woods and was confronted by her mother in bear form, he was about to kill her when Zeus stepped in and transformed then into constellations, these constellations were Ursa Major and Ursa Minor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The tale of Zeus and Demeter shows Zeus as a just and understanding ruler. The story deals with Hades being given permission to take Persephone to the Underworld to be his wife, the bulk of the story deals with Demeter sulking and trying to figure out who kidnapped her daughter. Also in her anger she brings famine and drought upon the world. After hearing all the people crying out in hope due to hunger Zeus steps in and sends Hermes to retrieve Persephone, but she had already had eaten food in the underworld and if that occurs it is said that no one can leave. So in the end Persephone must spend a portion of every year with Hades in the underworld. This myth shows how Zeus is an understanding individual and how he does his best for the betterment of all under his all mighty rule.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many other myths associated with Zeus such as him punishing Prometheus to having his liver eaten out of him regularly. Or the Zeus and his punishment for Tantalus and his blasphemous act of sacrificing his some to the gods. Works Referenced Hesiods Theogony, translated by Evelyn-White. Ancient / Classical History Ancient Greece Rome Classics Research Guide. Web. 09 Oct. 2009. . The Internet Classics Archive | Metamorphoses by Ovid. The Internet Classics Archive: 441 searchable works of classical literature. Web. 09 Oct. 2009. . Morford, Mark P. O., and Robert J. Lenardon. Classical Mythology. New York: Oxford UP, USA, 2006. Print. Zeus -. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 09 Oct. 2009. .

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight :: Canterbury Tales Essays

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the fourteenth century, an unknown author wrote Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, and now this poem is one thought to be of the finest Arthurian romance that belongs to the Alliterative Revival. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a story about many complicated issues, and mainly it concentrates on the character of Gawain who is one of the best knights in Arthur’s kingdom. The action takes place when Arthur is still young and enjoys big celebrations in Camelot. The passage from lines 60 to 129 describes the New Year’s celebration in Arthur’s court around his famous Round Table. Celebrations at Christmas and the New Year’s holidays at Arthur’s court last for twelve continuous days. Nobility, knights and other guests gather in Camelot to enjoy music, entertainment and double portions of delicious cuisine: â€Å"This fair folk at feast two-fold was served†(line 61). Even though all plates are full, guests wait for the royal leader to arrive. Guests welcome Arthur with music, and they all sing Christmas songs: â€Å"When the king and his company were come in together. The chanting in chapel achieved and ended. Clerics and all the court acclaimed the glad season, Cried Noel anew, good news to men†(line 62). Before their meal, all guests gather to exchange gifts: â€Å"Then gallants gather gaily, hand-gifts to make, called them out clearly, claimed them by hand†(line 66). During the celebration, people exchange kisses, and the author describes some women who kiss many men: â€Å"Ladies laughed aloud, though losers they wereâ₠¬  (line 69). Then all the visitors wash their hands before the meal, which may give us important information about social practices at the fourteenth-century English court: â€Å"When they had washed them worthily, they went to their seats†(line 72). Arrangement of seats is precisely defined and the most powerful persons sit at the head of the table. GRAPH The queen Guenevere, Arthur’s wife, sits at the top

A Summons to Memphis :: essays research papers

This novel by Peter Taylor opens with James and Mary Tyrone talking. They seem to be a very loving, married couple. James compliments Mary many times about how beautiful she looks. However she seems to be insecure about her looks because she is discontent with her case of rheumatism in her hands which makes it shake all the time. Then they heard their two sons laughing, as they walk out from the dinning room. As Edmund and Jamie enter, their parents question them what they are talking about. Edmund tells the story of Harker and Shaughnessy, which he had heard from the night before. Then afterwards Edmund and Mary leave the scene, and only James and Jamie is having a conversation. They seemed worried about Edmund who is sick with a â€Å"cold,† so they hoped, but in reality they know it’s not just that. They are also worried about Mary, but it is not yet revealed what is wrong with her. James and Jamie then leave to go work out on the hedge as Mary and Edmund begins to talk. They show a loving mother and son bond, they both care a lot about each other’s health. After their talk, Mary went upstairs to rest as Edmund remained in the parlor reading. Continuing to the next scene, James and Jamie comes in from outside for lunch. They must wait a while though because James was still talking to Captain Turner. Jamie seems to imply that his mother is doing something that she has done in the past that wasn’t too good for her, but it doesn’t indicate what it is yet. Then James comes in and also says that something is wrong with her, but does not say what it is. He just say that he that why didn’t she have the strength to keep on, but Mary acts as if she does not know what he is talking about. After lunch, they all follow Mary back into the parlor. Mary is talking about how their home is not really a home, and then the phone rings. It is Dr. Hardy. He has called for Edmund to come up to the office to see him that afternoon. When Edmund and Mary leaves the scene, James and Jamie begins talking about what the Doctor said. Hardy told James that it was sure that Edmund had â€Å"consumption,† and must be sent to a sanatorium, which will cure him in a year.

Ohio Public School Funding Essay

Ohio public school funding is complicated. Funding of public schools in Ohio is trough states combination i. e. federal government contributing about 6 percent, Ohio state 44 percent while the local tax account to more than 50 percent. The formulas for school funding are provided by the state and this determines the amount that is received by each district. As a result more wealthy districts often raise more amounts than less wealthy districts. On the other hand the state set up the guaranteed amount that each district is supposed to raise and these amounts are not based on the actual expenses that are used to fund the schools (Brandt, 2003). The delegation of responsibilities of funding to local districts and heavy reliance on property tax in Ohio, have contributed to inequalities for school children across the country From the time the first decision was released in 1997, there have been substantial benefits, although the decisions from the Supreme Court have not been enforced. In this regard this paper will focus on the system of school funding in Ohio State and how the public and supreme court has responded to the system. In addition the paper will focus on the current plans of funding, Ohio school expenditure and potential solution to the system (Brandt, 2003). Public school funding in Ohio The system of funding of public schools relies much on local districts property tax and this has resulted to big differences since the system depends on the amount of money the district is able to raise. The system has caused problems for the poor suburban, rural and even urban schools. For example, in 2003, Coshocton County raised only 7,529 US dollars while Cuyahoga County was able to raise 17,735 US dollars of school funding from the property taxes and state. There are inequalities and some public schools use Xeroxed copies or outdated textbooks. Some of the buildings in which the school children attend their classes have been condemned. Other school struggle to raise money to cater for basic needs such as paying school librarian. Some individual say that the problem is due to lack of care that is exhibited by poor schools. However, considering the efforts people make ion paying tax, individuals in poor districts contribute large portion of money that they have but they are not in a position to raise as much money as the wealthy districts. In addition wealthy districts have valuable properties that fetch a lot of money as compared to poor districts. The state of Ohio spends a large portion of its tax on private schools. These private schools that are owned by private companies aims at making profits and do not care a bout the local tax payers. In Ohio when the value of the properties increases the state decrease it’s funding. The states assume that the tax from the properties is directed to school funds. On the other hand public schools do not realize increase of funding since local taxes are normally fixed at the property value at time of last levy. Due to the gross inequalities DeRolph Dale, along with several district schools filed a case against Ohio State in 1991, and stated that the system of funding that is used in the country is unconstitutional. The supreme court of Ohio State began to investigate this system and resulted to establishment of major decisions of the Supreme Court. In 2001, the Supreme Court declared the system as unconstitutional, and directed the general assembly to provide solution (Walker, 2005). Since that time Supreme Court made ruling on the funding system the state has responded by establishing numerous legislations in order to solve the problems of the funding system. However, the problems in funding system still exist and the state has been unable to solve them. When the first decision of Supreme Court was released in 1997, the senate president said that the Supreme Court cannot enforce its rules. In 2001, the president said that Ohio State has no money and therefore Supreme Court has problems (Phillis, n. d). On the other hand following the ruling of Supreme Court there is a great dramatic impact in the funding of public schools in Ohio and many public schools are being constructed and the existing schools renovated. Before 1997 the state did not have priorities to support public schools. In 1997 the decision of DeRolph I influenced the state to support public schools and since then it have provided more than five million US dollars. Capital appropriation in the state of Ohio since 1997 for school facilities is as shown below.

Conforming to the Majority Research Proposal Essay

Previous Research The subject of conformity is one that has not been extensively researched over the years. There are very few famous studies concerning conformity but of them Soloman E. Asch’s stands out. In Asch’s experiments, students were told that they were participating in a ‘vision test.’ While unaware to the subject, the other participants in the experiment were all confederates, or assistants of the experimenter. Seated in a room with the other participants, you are shown a line segment and then asked to choose the matching line from a group three segments of different lengths. The experimenter asks each participant individually to select the matching line segment. Confederates are asked first and on some occasions everyone in the group chooses the correct line, but occasionally, they unanimously state that a different line is actually the correct match. While the subject knows for a fact that they are wrong, it is then that you find out whether or not they will conform to the unanimous answer or state what they know to be true. The results in Asch’s experiment rang true to my own hypothesis. Close to 75 percent of the subjects in the conformity experiments went along with the rest of the group at least once. After combining all of the trials, the results showed that participants conformed to the incorrect group answer roughly one-third of the time. To ensure that participants were capable of knowing which lines were correct in the first place they were asked to write down there answers privately on a sheet of paper. According to these results, participants chose the correct answer 98 percent of the time. The next study this researcher gathered information from was interested in the consideration of age in the conformity experiments. Considering most theories of conformity do not consider adult development. This study examined age differences and their responses for two types of tests: judging geometric shapes and facial expressions. Participants were 21 younger women (18-35 years old) and 20 elderly women (63-85 years old). Researchers told the subjects to sit in one of four soundproof booths that were stocked with a desk, chair, headphones, and a microphone. They were told that the purpose of the experiment was to study how differently people judge slides of shapes and faces. The participants were given the code name ‘blue’ and when called on would give their answer but previous to that the code names â€Å"red,† â€Å"green,† and â€Å"yellow† were called out and a recording of incorrect answers was played. Thus, the participants believed the other four participants were giving the incorrect answer. As predicted, older people, compared with their younger counterparts, displayed lower rates of social conformity. The next study this researcher divulged in was about the inhibitions of people whose opinion is not shared by the majority. The experiment involved 246 students of the University of Toronto and 348 residents of Toronto. The researcher created surveys that were administered over the phone by a team of interviewers. Of the many questions asked several were what you could consider politically incorrect. For example, â€Å"This country would be better off if we worried less about how equal people are. True or False?† Once the question had been asked the interviewer started a timer and once the participant had answered stopped the timer. The results were as follows; minority opinions took significantly longer to respond than that of majority opinions. Meaning that those who decided to answer with an opinion knowingly opposite of that of their fellow country took a longer time to admit their answer. In the next study, children at a preschool; ages 4-6 years old were put in a similar situation as Asch’s subjects. In the classroom, there would be one â€Å"minority student† and the rest of the students would be told to give a wrong answer while the â€Å"minority student† was not in on it. They showed the students a book portraying a picture of an animal in size order: small, medium and large. Once the picture had been shown they took it away and showed them several other books with different animals and students had to choose which animal they had previously seen. The confederates were given the correct answer to say out loud several times then randomly given the wrong answer. The results were as follows; minority students gave a correct answer almost 100 percent of the time when there was no conflict with the majority but when conflicted with the majority’s incorrect answers the minority only answered correctly 50 percent of the time. Proposed Methods The researcher in this study wants to experiment the ideas of social conformity. They will use the structure set forth by Asch’s (1956) original experimental design. This will test how people of a given age conform to peer pressure or stand against the majority and form the minority opinion. When put in a situation where the majority of a group is answering incorrectly and the minority knows the true answer as a 100 percent fact, will they show independence? Hypothesis. Given the previous research and Asch’s experiment on conformity the researcher would have to presume that the minority will not show independence during this experiment. The majority will sway the minority to answer the way they have and will intimidate the minority. Social influences play a large role in this experiment and even larger role in our world today. Participants. The researcher in this experiment will use 60 volunteer students from the College of Staten Island (aged 18-22). This particular age group was specifically chosen, as it is believed that young adults of this age are already susceptible to peer pressure. The volunteers will be told that they will be participating in an eye exam testing the vision of college students. Participants will be separated into 4 gender-mixed groups of 15 students. The groups will be split as equally as possible between male and female. Within the group there will be 2 minority students and 13 majority students. The minority students will consist of 1 girl and 1 boy. The researcher will try to ensure that participants are not acquaintances. Methods. To begin this study the researcher will divide the subjects into their respective groups. Once the students are divided they will take 13 of the 15 students and inform them of the true meaning of this experiment. They will be told that signals will be given when they are to give the wrong answer and a different signal when they are to give the correct answer. This is when the experiment will begin. Subjects will be seated in a classroom with a research assistant standing in the back with a projector. When the experiment begins another research assistant will explain to the subjects the purpose of the experiment. They will say that they are part of a vision test and that there will be 1 line projecte d onto the board with 3 other lines adjacent to it. Of these 3 other lines 1 will be identical to the example line while 1 is only inches different and 1 is clearly an incorrect answer. They subjects must identify the identical line. They research assistant will have each student write down their answer but before doing so go around the classroom and have each subject say their answer out loud. The confederates will answer first. They will know whether to say the correct answer or incorrect answer by how the research assistant asks them to begin. If the researcher says, â€Å"Please give me your answer now† the confederates will give a false answer. If the researcher says, â€Å"And your answer is?† then the confederates will give the correct answer. When the answer is very obvious and all of the confederates say the wrong answer it is then we will find out if the subject will defy the group and not give into the social pressure.

“Danger room” – Creative Writing

I woke up to the sound of drips on my bedroom roof, i couldn't wait to gewt out of the dump for 3 days. I packed the night before, i didn't i hade so many clothes! I found a some silk sleepsuit, which i recived for chrismas off my antie with the mole on her face, it's a welsh name and i cant say it with out pouring out 1 ton of spit. Mum was feeding the baby as i went down stairs, she was just about to drop him around my nana's, While we went away. Dad has allready out there, we entered a doogy compertion and we didn't read in the terms and contaions that you may not all get on the same flight. I was so excited, I felt like a child on the night before christmas. I couldn't wait to get onto the plane. We got in the car, droped little sam to my nans nad speeded down the motorway to the airport. When we got to the airport, the told us that we hade been upgraded to first class seats. My mum thought it was because she looked like Cathren Zeta Jones, while the way the rude, drolly dollie, looked at her like she was Pat buthcher. The only thing that came into my head was â€Å"if looks could kill† We got into our seats, they hade covbers over them, they were as smooth as slik. The runway was like a ribbon of moonlight. We blased of into the air. The stars looked so close now. After an awful film and luke warm food we lanned into New york air port. we breased through cosstums and we were soon in a Yellow cab to our hotel. The neon lights we shinning bright. I could help buty notices but there was a Mc Donald on every cornor. I was going to be happy here. I couldn't wait till the next day. The atmospher felt so nice. The next day I leaped into the arms of living. We went for breakfast. I hade a stack of pancakes. they were soacked in surup. My mum hade a cheese tostie, she expected a small one., but when it came it came New york style! There must of been about 10 types of cheese! We set of toward where my uncle worked. I haden't seen him unsince i was a baby. On the way there we saw a Televison show being filmed. The hosts hair was an exclamation mark. His jacket was reflecting sun light. If i stayed next to him, i would have court a tan! Bang! I heard a really load bang. I was so scared, you hear so many bad things about New york. All of a suddend a helecopter came shoting down from the bright sky. The letters FBI were on the bottom. Everyone was scared. Then on a big T.V. screen a man appeared and said â€Å"Stay calm, your on tv, you all just made fools of you self!† they yanky voice said. They was a grate sigh of releaf. We thought to our self, this must happen all the time in the big appel. Went into this shopping centre, they called it a mall i think. The floor was so clean you could see your reflection in it. We went into a glass lift to the 22d floor. All the shops had ended. They was just offices now. From shinny floor to gray carpet. We were looking for room 11b. Someome walked passed and ask at â€Å"Do need any help† the half naked women said in a high tone. We asked her where room 11b was. She told us. Went down a really lond corriodr. It didn't end, it was like in a cartton when they keep repeatina the background. Finaaly we came a croos a door. It said 11q on the frount. We went in and looked around. It seemed to be a abbanded, It was all messeed up. There was a second door we opened it. â€Å"Hello† my mum said. I was getting scared by now. This room was empty too. Exexpt they there was a painting. On the painting there was an envolpe. The name on it was mine. I didn't know what to think. I opened , and took outr the sheet of paper. It said † Hide†¦hide†¦hide † press the hook. By this time we thought it was one my uncles bad tricks. All of sudden we heard foot steps going down the corridor. My looked out and a bullilet was shot at her. It only just missed her. She ran back in. The foot steps were getting loader and loader. We thought † what should we do? † Then we rembared about the note. press the hook. We couldn't see the hook. Foot steps were geting so close. Mum threw the painting of the wall and noticed there was a hook. She pushed the hook into the wall like the note said. All of a suuden the floor opened bwlow us. With a swish we fell in a room,and the door closed. We didn't know what just happened. We thought it was all a dream. The room was dark, there were coboids all around. There were a wall of tv screens. With a flick of a switch, the TV came on. It was my uncle. † welcome to the danger room, i hate to tell you this but you are being hunted. Why? I dont know. You should be safe her. No one can get in, no one can get out unless you press the red button. After i get of the tv screens you will be able to see all round the offices in my work place. Rember†¦ you can reflect the danger back to the enime. Bye for now.† Me and mum looked at each and other and wondered what the hell he was on about. We knew somting bad was happeing. We looked at the tv screens. There were 3 men in the room we hade just entered. They were all wearing black. One was tall and hade a mole on has face. One was short and fat. The other guy reminded me of someone but didn't know who.